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Pea protein isolate as a versatile and sustainable protein: basic characteristics, applications, and limitations
Zexu Li1, Xinjie Shang1, Zhaohui Xu1
1College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin City, 300457, PR China.
Abstract:
Pea protein isolate (PPI) is a high-quality protein extracted from peas. In recent years, more and more animal proteins have been replaced by PPI to be used as the main raw protein material. PPI features many functional attributes, such as sustainability, low allergenicity, and high nutritional value, which has made it widely applied in the food industry. This review systematically summarizes the structural and functional characteristics of PPI and classifies its extraction methods, covering traditional approaches (alkaline extraction-isoelectric precipitation, salt extraction-dialysis, diafiltration, and micellar precipitation) alongside novel techniques. In addition, this review systematically summarizes the applications of PPI as protein raw materials, and discusses the limitations and future prospects of PPI in the food industry, such as the beany flavor of PPI in terms of sensory acceptance and thermal stability, and proposes possible solutions to provide valuable insights into the application of PPI in the food industry.
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