Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

The Influence of Cognition on Affect

Cognition plays a pivotal role in shaping emotional experiences, as demonstrated by Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion. According to this model, emotion arises from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation. The body’s physiological response to stimuli is ambiguous and only gains emotional significance through cognitive labeling. For instance, an increased heart rate and adrenaline surge while standing near an attractive person may be interpreted as...

Social Anxiety Disorder

Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.

Panic Disorder

Panic Disorder

Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...

Stress and Mental Health

Stress and Mental Health

Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Single-breath-hold 3D abdominal metabolic MRI enables label-free diagnosis of liver cancer.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

The "long-tongue" sign: a new perspective on magnetic resonance imaging images of medullary ganglioglioma.

Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery·2026

Same author

k-Space and Image Domain Hybrid Reconstruction Using Low-Rank Plus Sparse Model (KILS) for Accelerated CEST MRI.

NMR in biomedicine·2025

Same author

Multi-Contrast MRI Super-Resolution in Brain Tumors: Arbitrary-Scale Implicit Sampling and Unsupervised Fine-Tuning.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging·2025

Same author

Adult spinal cord diffuse midline gliomas with piloid features have a better prognosis.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2025

Same author

Multimodal Imaging in an Atypical Adult-Onset Lacrimal Sac Mucocele.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Published on: July 19, 2017

Longitudinal Association Between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Cognitive Change: A Meta-Analysis.

Jie Li^1,2, Leiyu Shi¹, Nan Jiang^3,4

¹Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Psychiatry Investigation

|May 26, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) does not consistently predict cognitive decline. However, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may improve emotional symptoms in individuals with GAD.

Keywords:

Cognitive behavioral therapy Cognitive function Generalized anxiety disorder Longitudinal study Meta-analysis Neurocognitive impairment

More Related Videos

Social Isolation Model: A Noninvasive Rodent Model of Stress and Anxiety

Social Isolation Model: A Noninvasive Rodent Model of Stress and Anxiety

Published on: November 11, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance

Published on: July 19, 2017

Social Isolation Model: A Noninvasive Rodent Model of Stress and Anxiety

Social Isolation Model: A Noninvasive Rodent Model of Stress and Anxiety

Published on: November 11, 2022

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent mental health condition.
The longitudinal impact of GAD on cognitive function remains an area of active research.
Understanding the relationship between GAD and cognitive changes is crucial for effective treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically evaluate the longitudinal association between GAD and cognitive function.
To determine if GAD is an independent risk factor for cognitive decline.
To explore the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) on cognitive and emotional outcomes in GAD patients.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search of major databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) up to January 20, 2025.
Meta-analysis of 13 longitudinal studies and randomized controlled trials using RevMan 5.4.1.
Statistical analysis included mean differences (MD), 95% confidence intervals, I2 statistic for heterogeneity, sensitivity analyses, and publication bias assessment.

Main Results:

No significant differences in memory or attention subscores were found between GAD patients and controls.
Total error scores did not differ significantly between groups.
GAD patients receiving CBT showed greater improvement in clinical symptoms compared to non-cognitive interventions (MD=-4.39, p=0.0004), with significant Beck Depression Inventory score differences.

Conclusions:

GAD does not demonstrate consistent evidence of causing sustained cognitive decline.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) shows potential for improving emotional symptoms in GAD.
This meta-analysis provides preliminary insights into the indirect cognitive benefits of psychotherapy for GAD.