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Towards Neoatherosclerosis: A Porcine Model for Enhanced Device Testing.

Jing Xie1,2, Ole Gemeinhardt1,2, Stephanie Bettink3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.

Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

A new porcine model using a high-fat, nicotine diet successfully replicates hyperlipidemic conditions, enabling better testing of endovascular therapies for neoatherosclerosis development in peripheral arteries.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Animal Models
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • The current porcine in-stent stenosis model lacks hyperlipidemic conditions crucial for studying neoatherosclerosis.
  • Neoatherosclerosis, driven by hyperlipidemia, is a significant challenge in endovascular therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a practical porcine model that mimics hyperlipidemic, pro-atherogenic states for testing endovascular therapies targeting neoatherosclerosis.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of a high-fat, nicotine-supplemented diet (HFDN) in inducing neoatherosclerosis in a porcine model.

Main Methods:

  • Juvenile pigs were fed a high-fat, nicotine-supplemented diet (HFDN) for two weeks.
  • Bare-metal stents were implanted in coronary and peripheral arteries; control pigs received a standard diet.

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  • Artery segments were analyzed four weeks post-implantation for neoatherosclerosis markers.

    • Main Results:

    • HFDN feeding significantly increased serum LDL and cotinine levels.
    • Peripheral arteries in HFDN-fed pigs showed greater in-stent late lumen loss compared to controls.
    • Histological analysis revealed early neoatherosclerosis, including foam cell accumulation and atheroma formation, in HFDN-fed pigs.
    • Increased calcium phosphate deposition was confirmed in the arteries of HFDN-fed pigs.

    Conclusions:

    • This HFDN porcine model provides a straightforward and effective platform for investigating endovascular devices aimed at preventing or treating neoatherosclerosis.
    • The model successfully replicates key pathological features of neoatherosclerosis relevant to human disease.