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Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Foot Ulcer01:31

Diabetic Foot Ulcer

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Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Prospective, Randomized, and Controlled Study of a Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers
04:09

Prospective, Randomized, and Controlled Study of a Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Published on: March 3, 2023

Topical Oxygen Therapy for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Updated Evidence From Randomised Trials.

George Theodorakopoulos1, David G Armstrong2,3,4

  • 1Wound and Foot Specialist, Athens, Greece.

Wound Repair and Regeneration : Official Publication of the Wound Healing Society [And] the European Tissue Repair Society
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Topical oxygen therapy (TOT) significantly improves complete wound closure for diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) within 12 weeks. This therapy, when used with standard care, enhances healing outcomes for DFU patients.

Keywords:
adjunctive therapydiabetic foot ulcermeta‐analysisrandomised controlled trialstopical oxygen therapywound healing

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Prospective, Randomized, and Controlled Study of a Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers
04:09

Prospective, Randomized, and Controlled Study of a Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection for Treating Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Published on: March 3, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Wound healing research
  • Diabetic complications
  • Oxygen therapy applications

Background:

  • Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) represent a significant complication of diabetes, often leading to poor healing and increased amputation risk.
  • Standard care for DFUs has limitations in achieving complete wound closure within a clinically relevant timeframe.
  • Topical oxygen therapy (TOT) is an emerging treatment modality explored for its potential to accelerate wound healing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and estimate the efficacy of topical oxygen therapy (TOT) in achieving complete wound closure for diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) at 12 weeks.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TOT with sham or standard care for DFU treatment.
  • To assess the heterogeneity and certainty of evidence regarding TOT's impact on DFU closure.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving adult patients with DFUs.
  • Data extraction and risk of bias assessment (using RoB 2) were performed according to predefined criteria.
  • Meta-analysis using a Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect model to pool risk ratios (RRs) for complete closure at 12 weeks; sensitivity analyses included random-effects models.

Main Results:

  • Three RCTs (171 patients receiving TOT, 154 in control groups) met the inclusion criteria.
  • Topical oxygen therapy (TOT) significantly increased the likelihood of complete DFU closure at 12 weeks (RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.14-2.05).
  • Low between-study heterogeneity (I² ≈ 24%) was observed; random-effects models yielded similar point estimates, though Hartung-Knapp adjustment indicated wider uncertainty due to limited study numbers.

Conclusions:

  • Topical oxygen therapy (TOT), when administered as an adjunct to standard care, enhances the probability of complete wound closure in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) within 12 weeks.
  • The current evidence, based on three pooled RCTs, suggests a positive effect of TOT with low heterogeneity.
  • Larger, well-designed studies with standardized endpoints and blinded outcome verification are necessary to improve precision and compare different TOT delivery methods.