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Updated: May 28, 2026

Optimization of a Multiplex RNA-based Expression Assay Using Breast Cancer Archival Material
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Optimization of a Multiplex RNA-based Expression Assay Using Breast Cancer Archival Material

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Compartment-Specific CD138 Expression Defines an Aggressive Breast Cancer Phenotype with Distinct Transcriptomic

Kyoko Asai1, Takahiro Hasebe1, Masahiro Ohara1

  • 1Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City 350-1298, Japan.

Cancers
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Compartment-specific CD138 expression in breast cancer identifies an aggressive tumor phenotype. This CD138 (syndecan-1) pattern is linked to poorer survival and distinct molecular features, suggesting prognostic value.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Proteoglycan Research

Background:

  • CD138 (syndecan-1) is a cell-surface proteoglycan implicated in tumor progression.
  • The clinical significance of compartment-specific CD138 expression in breast cancer is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prognostic and transcriptomic features of compartment-specific CD138 expression in invasive breast cancer.
  • To determine if CD138 expression patterns in tumor and stromal compartments correlate with patient outcomes and molecular characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated analysis of immunohistochemistry and RNA sequencing on 111 invasive ductal carcinoma specimens.
  • Classification of tumors into four groups based on CD138 expression in tumor and stromal compartments.
Keywords:
CD138RNA sequencingbreast cancerimmunohistochemistrymetastasisprognostic biomarkersnoRNAsyndecan-1translational reprogrammingtumor microenvironment

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  • Analysis of clinicopathological data, survival outcomes, and transcriptomic profiles.

    • Main Results:

    • A tumor-positive/stroma-negative CD138 phenotype (Group 1) was associated with significantly poorer recurrence-free survival.
    • Group 1 was an independent prognostic factor for poor survival and linked to lymph node metastasis, HER2 expression, and brain metastases.
    • Transcriptomic analysis of Group 1 tumors revealed upregulated small nucleolar RNAs and enriched pathways in ribosome biogenesis and RNA processing.

    Conclusions:

    • Compartment-specific CD138 expression defines an aggressive breast cancer phenotype with unique transcriptomic signatures.
    • This CD138 expression pattern holds potential prognostic value for invasive breast cancer.
    • Further validation in larger cohorts is warranted to confirm the clinical utility of this finding.