The Moderating Role of Sports Attitudes in the Association Between Attitudes Toward Violence and Sexual Harassment

This study examined whether attitude toward sport moderates the association between attitude toward violence and attitude toward sexual harassment among university students. Based on evidence that harassment-supportive beliefs are embedded within broader violence-supportive orientations, sport-related values were tested as a conditional factor. A cross-sectional correlational design was used with 350 undergraduates (45.1% female; M_age = 21.81, SD = 2.57) from a public university in Türkiye. Participants completed validated measures of attitudes toward sexual harassment, violence, and sport. Moderation analysis was conducted using Hayes' PROCESS Macro (Model 1) with 5000 bootstrap resamples and HC3 standard errors. Gender was included as a control variable; male participants reported significantly higher tolerance toward sexual harassment (β = 7.258, p < 0.001). Attitude toward violence was positively associated with attitude toward sexual harassment (B = 0.271, p < 0.001). Attitude toward sport showed a small negative main effect (B = -0.199, p < 0.001) and significantly moderated this association (B = -0.010, p = 0.0008). The model explained 26.06% of the variance (R² = 0.261, F (4, 345) = 33.607, p < 0.001). The association weakened at higher sport attitude levels but remained significant, indicating a pattern of conditional attenuation.