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Updated: May 28, 2026

A Novel In Vitro Wound Healing Assay to Evaluate Cell Migration

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The Multifunctional Peptide AP10W Enhances Skin Wound Healing Through Macrophage Reprogramming and Angiogenesis.

Cuiling Xuan¹, Zixuan Liu¹, Peng Zhang¹

¹School of Life Science and Technology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.

|May 27, 2026

Summary

The zebrafish peptide AP10W significantly enhances skin wound healing by promoting cell growth, blood vessel formation, and macrophage reprogramming. Topical AP10W application accelerates wound closure and tissue regeneration.

Keywords:

YAP signaling angiogenesis antimicrobial peptide AP10W macrophage reprogramming wound healing

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Published on: March 25, 2020

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Dermatology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Skin wound healing is a complex biological process involving inflammation, cell proliferation, and tissue regeneration.
The zebrafish-derived antimicrobial peptide AP10W shows antimicrobial properties, but its role in tissue repair is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the wound-healing capabilities of AP10W.
To explore the underlying mechanisms of AP10W in promoting tissue repair.

Main Methods:

Utilized a full-thickness murine wound model and in vitro cell-based assays.
Evaluated AP10W effects on fibroblasts, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages.
Assessed in vivo wound closure, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition, vascularization, and skin appendage regeneration.

Main Results:

AP10W promoted fibroblast and keratinocyte migration and proliferation.
Enhanced endothelial cell functions and upregulated pro-angiogenic factors (VEGFA, PDGF, FGF2).
AP10W induced macrophage reprogramming from M1 to M2 phenotype, reducing pro-inflammatory markers and increasing anti-inflammatory markers (Arg-1, Il-10).
In vivo, AP10W accelerated wound closure and improved tissue regeneration.
AP10W increased YAP expression and nuclear translocation, which was crucial for its pro-healing effects.

Conclusions:

AP10W possesses intrinsic wound-healing properties.
AP10W acts through multiple mechanisms, including promoting cell growth, angiogenesis, and modulating immune responses.
AP10W is a promising candidate for wound therapy.