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Naturalistic Observations

Naturalistic Observations

If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

The Perinatal Asphyxiated Lamb Model: A Model for Newborn Resuscitation

Published on: August 15, 2018

Newborn Resuscitation Practices and Outcomes in Rural Tanzania-A Real-Time Observational and Video Study.

Anita Yeconia Bukhay^1,2, Hanne Pike^2,3, Joar Eilevstjønn⁴

¹Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Haydom P.O. Box 9000, Tanzania.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 27, 2026

Summary

Birth asphyxia interventions in Tanzania show critical delays. Many newborns received prolonged ventilation, increasing mortality risk, highlighting the need for improved neonatal care quality.

Keywords:

Helping Babies Breathe adherence with guidelines bag-mask ventilation birth asphyxia newborn resuscitation resuscitation guidelines

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Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

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Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)

Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) Placement in a Neonatal Patient Simulator Using a Non-Inflatable Supraglottic Airway (SGA)

Published on: July 14, 2023

Area of Science:

Neonatal Resuscitation
Global Health
Pediatric Critical Care

Background:

Birth asphyxia is a primary cause of neonatal mortality globally.
Substandard care contributes to over half of these preventable deaths.
Improving neonatal resuscitation practices is crucial in low-resource settings.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the frequency, sequence, timing, and duration of post-birth interventions.
To correlate these interventions with newborn outcomes in rural Tanzania.
To identify areas for quality improvement in neonatal care.

Main Methods:

Prospective observational study in rural Tanzania.
Real-time recording of all deliveries and resuscitations using the Liveborn Observation app.
Inclusion of newborns ≥28 weeks gestation with continuous monitoring.

Main Results:

9.8% of newborns received bag-mask ventilation (BMV), with only one-third initiated within the first minute.
Suctioning often preceded BMV, potentially delaying resuscitation.
Prolonged BMV (>10 minutes) significantly increased the risk of mortality within 24 hours (RR=4.26) and 7 days (RR=8.14).

Conclusions:

Current neonatal resuscitation practices show significant deviations from recommended timing and duration.
Delayed initiation and excessive duration of BMV are associated with adverse neonatal outcomes.
Quality improvement initiatives focusing on timely and appropriate resuscitation are urgently needed.