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Bioreactor Design and Operational System

Bioreactor Design and Operational System

Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Engineering Biological-Based Vascular Grafts Using a Pulsatile Bioreactor

Engineering Biological-Based Vascular Grafts Using a Pulsatile Bioreactor

Published on: June 14, 2011

An IoT-Enabled Modular 3D Bioreactor for Vascular Tissue Engineering: Design, Fabrication, and Biological Validation.

Belma Nalbant¹, Ahmet Ozkurt², Taner Akkan³

¹Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 27, 2026

Summary

This study presents an IoT-enabled 3D rotating bioreactor for vascular tissue engineering. The system supports cell viability and metabolic activity, demonstrating its effectiveness for engineered vascular grafts.

Keywords:

3D cell culture HASMC ImageJ analysis IoT LDH assay agarose hydrogel bioreactor confocal microscopy dynamic culture vascular tissue engineering

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Designing a Bioreactor to Improve Data Acquisition and Model Throughput of Engineered Cardiac Tissues

Designing a Bioreactor to Improve Data Acquisition and Model Throughput of Engineered Cardiac Tissues

Published on: June 2, 2023

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Tissue Engineering
Biotechnology

Background:

Static culture systems inadequately mimic physiological conditions for vascular tissue engineering.
Advanced 3D bioreactor systems are crucial for creating functional vascular tissues.
Dynamic culture environments enhance cell behavior and tissue development.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and validate an IoT-enabled modular rotating 3D bioreactor platform.
To assess the bioreactor's suitability for vascular tissue engineering applications.
To evaluate cell viability, distribution, and metabolic activity within engineered constructs.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a modular rotating 3D bioreactor using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM).
Integration of an ESP8266 controller and touchscreen HMI for real-time monitoring and remote operation.
Culture of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) in agarose-chitosan hydrogels within the bioreactor for 14 days.
Assessment of biocompatibility (LDH assay), cellular distribution, and mitochondrial activity (confocal microscopy with DAPI and MitoTracker staining).

Main Results:

Sustained cell viability and decreasing cytotoxicity were observed over the 14-day culture period.
Confocal microscopy confirmed homogeneous cell distribution within the hydrogel matrix.
Quantitative fluorescence analysis revealed significantly higher MitoTracker intensity than DAPI, indicating enhanced metabolic activity under dynamic conditions.

Conclusions:

The developed IoT-enabled 3D rotating bioreactor offers a stable and controllable platform for vascular tissue engineering.
The system effectively supports cell viability and promotes metabolic activity in engineered vascular constructs.
This technology holds promise for advancing the development of functional vascular grafts.