Lived Experiences of Women with Arteriovenous Fistula Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Phenomenological Study

Background/Objectives: An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis (HD). Beyond its clinical function, an AVF creates visible bodily changes that may affect identity, social positioning, and psychological adaptation. Women undergoing HD via an AVF may perceive these changes in relation to sociocultural expectations surrounding body image and gender roles. This study explored the lived experiences of women undergoing HD via an AVF and considered the implications for AVF management. Methods: Using Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method, in-depth interviews were conducted with nine women undergoing regular HD via an AVF in South Korea. The data were analyzed to identify essential themes and the fundamental structure of their experiences. Results: The essential structure was described as "women's lives shaken and repositioned amid visible, life-sustaining bodily changes." Three interrelated theme clusters emerged: shaken self-confrontation of the visible body; being repositioned within the relational world; and acceptance formed within the polarity of life and threat. The visibility of the AVF influences identity, autonomy, and social interactions. Conclusions: AVF management should extend beyond technical maintenance and include psychosocial assessments and sex-sensitive supportive strategies. Addressing the visible and relational dimensions of the AVF may enhance the quality and safety of HD care.