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High Fidelity Simulations to Improve Pediatric Airway Management: A Narrative Review
Alessandro Vittori1, Cecilia Di Fabio2, Marilena Trozzi3
1Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, ARCO, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2026
Summary
High-fidelity simulation training enhances pediatric airway management skills. Realistic scenarios improve decision-making and team dynamics for rare, critical emergencies.
Area of Science:
- Medical Simulation
- Pediatric Anesthesiology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Pediatric airway management presents unique challenges due to patient scarcity and the need for high-quality care.
- High-fidelity simulation (HFS) is increasingly utilized in medical training for complex procedures.
- Effective management of pediatric emergencies requires rapid application of decision-making algorithms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on the application of high-fidelity simulation in pediatric difficult airway management.
- To evaluate the benefits of HFS in enhancing both technical (hard) and non-technical (soft) skills for pediatric airway emergencies.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review of English-indexed articles in PubMed.
- Search terms included: high-fidelity simulation, pediatric, difficult airway management, and related procedures (e.g., intubation, ventilation, cricothyrotomy).
Main Results:
- HFS effectively reproduces complex pediatric airway scenarios, including rare and severe emergencies.
- Simulations enhance individual and team skills, encompassing technical proficiency and group dynamics.
- Realistic settings in HFS help replicate the emotional and psychological aspects of emergency situations.
Conclusions:
- High-fidelity simulation is a valuable tool for pediatric airway management training.
- HFS improves preparedness for critical, uncommon pediatric emergencies by enhancing hard and soft skills.
- The use of HFS is essential for maintaining high standards in pediatric anesthesia and emergency care.
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