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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
The Oral Microbiota01:27

The Oral Microbiota

The oral microbiome includes a complex ecosystem comprising over 700 microbial species, identified through genomic sequencing and culture-based analyses to date. This community includes a core microbiome, found universally among individuals, and a variable component influenced by environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and host genetics. Site-specific conditions, including oxygen gradients, pH levels, and nutrient availability, determine the spatial distribution of these microorganisms...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Shared Pathophysiology, Bidirectional Association, and Therapeutic

Neda Najafimakhsoos1, Emanuela Pashollari2, Nazzarena Malavolta3

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are linked by shared inflammatory pathways and genetic factors. Treating one condition may improve outcomes for the other, suggesting a bidirectional relationship.

Keywords:
Porphyromonas gingivalisanti-citrullinated protein antibodiesautoimmunitybidirectional associationcitrullinationdisease-modifying antirheumatic drugsmicrobial dysbiosisoral microbiomeperiodontal therapyperiodontitisrheumatoid arthritissystemic inflammation

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
07:37

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Oral Health and Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Systemic Inflammatory Diseases

Background:

  • Periodontitis (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic inflammatory disorders with significant global impact.
  • Both conditions involve complex immune dysregulation, microbial factors, and genetic predispositions.
  • Increasing evidence highlights a bidirectional clinical and biological link between PD and RA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the interconnectedness of PD and RA.
  • To explore shared pathogenic mechanisms and clinical associations.
  • To assess the impact of treating one condition on the other.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of epidemiological, clinical, and translational studies.
  • Analysis of shared pathways including microbial dysbiosis, immune dysregulation, and genetic factors.
  • Evaluation of interventional studies on treating PD or RA.

Main Results:

  • PD and RA share key pathogenic pathways, including microbial triggers like Porphyromonas gingivalis promoting autoimmunity.
  • A bidirectional association exists: PD increases RA risk, and RA patients have worse periodontal disease.
  • Periodontal therapy may reduce RA activity, and RA treatment can improve periodontal health.

Conclusions:

  • The PD-RA relationship is supported by shared mechanisms and bidirectional clinical associations.
  • Understanding this axis can aid risk stratification and identify novel therapeutic targets.
  • Integrated care targeting both oral and systemic inflammation may improve patient outcomes.