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Updated: May 28, 2026

Generating a Reproducible Model of Mid-Gestational Maternal Immune Activation using Poly(I:C) to Study Susceptibility and Resilience in Offspring
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Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index as a Predictive Biomarker for Pre-Eclampsia.

Dimitris Baroutis1, Eleni Katsianou2, Aikaterini-Gavriela Giannakaki1

  • 11st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) shows inconsistent results for predicting pre-eclampsia, a serious pregnancy condition. Current evidence does not support its clinical use due to varied findings and methodological limitations.

Keywords:
biomarkerinflammatory markersneutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratioplatelet-to-lymphocyte ratiopre-eclampsiapredictive biomarkerpregnancy complicationssystemic immune-inflammation index

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity globally.
  • The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) reflects neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts, implicated in pre-eclampsia.
  • Existing research on SII in pre-eclampsia presents conflicting findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) in pre-eclampsia.
  • To evaluate the biological rationale, clinical findings, and diagnostic performance of SII.
  • To assess the potential clinical utility and limitations of SII for pre-eclampsia.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review synthesizing evidence from major scientific databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar).
  • Literature search included all available records up to January 2026.
  • Analysis of studies examining SII association with pre-eclampsia and its diagnostic performance.

Main Results:

  • Substantial heterogeneity observed in the association between SII and pre-eclampsia (elevated vs. decreased).
  • Diagnostic performance of SII varies significantly across different populations.
  • A meta-analysis reported non-significant pooled results for the pre-eclampsia subgroup.

Conclusions:

  • Methodological limitations (retrospective designs, lack of standardized thresholds) and inconsistent results preclude current clinical implementation of SII.
  • SII's cost-effectiveness and accessibility are advantageous but insufficient for adoption.
  • Future research requires prospective validation and mechanistic studies for potential integration into multiparametric prediction models.