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Related Concept Videos

Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications01:25

Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
Peritoneal Dialysis III: Nursing Management01:25

Peritoneal Dialysis III: Nursing Management

Peritoneal dialysis, or PD, utilizes the peritoneal membrane as a filter to eliminate excess fluid and waste products. Effective nursing management is essential for ensuring patient safety, preventing complications, and promoting optimal function of the peritoneal dialysis process.Assessment and MonitoringNurses must thoroughly assess the patient before, during, and after each dialysis session. Regular monitoring includes vital signs, daily weight, fluid intake and output, and laboratory values...
Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management01:25

Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient undergoing hemodialysis includes several critical steps, starting with a thorough assessment before the procedure.Before the Hemodialysis ProcedureFirst, record the patient's vital signs—blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature—to establish a baseline. This baseline is essential for detecting conditions such as hypotension that could impact the patient's response to dialysis. Document the patient's pre-dialysis weight, as this measurement...

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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Published on: June 16, 2014

Cognitive Dysfunction and Vascular/Valvular Calcification in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis: A

Nazife Nur Özer Şensoy1, Mehmet Usta2, Selvi Coşar3

  • 1Department of Nephrology, University of Health Sciences, Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, 16310 Bursa, Türkiye.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Vascular calcification is not an independent predictor of cognitive impairment in peritoneal dialysis patients. Age and female sex are the strongest factors associated with cognitive dysfunction in this population.

Keywords:
chronic kidney diseasecognitive impairmentintracranial arterial calcificationperitoneal dialysisresidual renal functionvalvular calcification

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Neurology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is a significant complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.
  • Determinants of cognitive dysfunction in PD patients are not fully understood.
  • Vascular calcification is a potential marker for systemic vascular pathology and cognitive dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between intracranial and valvular calcification and cognitive dysfunction in PD patients.
  • To identify predictors of cognitive impairment in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study of 95 PD patients.
  • Cognitive function assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
  • Intracranial and valvular calcifications evaluated via imaging; logistic regression and ROC analysis performed.

Main Results:

  • Older age and female sex were associated with cognitive dysfunction in univariate and multivariable analyses.
  • Mitral valve calcification showed association in univariate analysis but not after adjustment.
  • Age (OR: 1.06) and female sex (OR: 3.4) were independent predictors; ROC analysis showed limited discriminative performance (AUC: 0.63).

Conclusions:

  • Calcification parameters were not independent predictors of cognitive dysfunction in PD patients after adjustment.
  • Age and female sex are key factors associated with cognitive impairment in PD patients.
  • Calcification burden may reflect vascular aging and comorbidity rather than being a direct predictor.