Advancing Genitourinary Cancer Surgery: The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics.

Area of Science:

• Urologic Oncology
• Surgical Technology
• Artificial Intelligence

Background:

• Genitourinary cancers (prostate, kidney, bladder) management is evolving.
• Robotic surgery and artificial intelligence (AI) offer new possibilities.
• AI integration aims to improve patient outcomes and surgical efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in AI applications for genitourinary cancers.
• To explore AI's role across the cancer care continuum, from diagnosis to surgery.
• To discuss emerging technologies like augmented reality, single-port robotics, and telesurgery.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of current literature on AI in urologic oncology.
• Focus on machine learning and deep learning applications in imaging and decision-making.
• Analysis of AI's intraoperative use, including skill assessment and navigation.

Main Results:

• AI demonstrates strong performance in image analysis, tumor segmentation, and predicting pathological features.
• Intraoperative AI provides skill assessment, feedback, and real-time navigation.
• Emerging technologies like single-port robotics and telesurgery show promise for minimally invasive and remote procedures.

Conclusions:

• AI integration in robotic surgery has the potential to significantly improve oncologic and functional outcomes in genitourinary cancers.
• These advancements may enhance visualization, precision, and training efficiency.
• Further clinical validation is needed, but AI promises to shape the future of urologic oncology care and expand access to specialized treatments.