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Related Concept Videos

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Stomach and Small Intestine

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract is characterized by distinct physicochemical conditions that shape its microbial communities. Among these, the stomach presents a particularly challenging environment for microbial colonization due to its highly acidic pH, ranging from 1 to 3. This extreme acidity effectively limits microbial density. However, certain acid-tolerant microorganisms are capable of surviving in this niche. Notably, Helicobacter pylori can colonize the gastric mucosa,...
What is Monogastric Digestion?01:50

What is Monogastric Digestion?

The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

Introduction to the Human Microbiota

Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity, and disease...
Gastritis II: Pathophysiology01:26

Gastritis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of gastritis begins with the colonization of the stomach lining by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This bacterium spreads mainly via the oral-oral route through saliva or shared utensils, and can also be transmitted in overcrowded or unhygienic environments through contaminated water, despite its brief survival outside the body.ColonizationOnce ingested, H. pylori enters the stomach and begins colonization by navigating through the mucus layer lining the stomach wall. It...
Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics01:21

Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...
Evolution of Microbial Genome01:08

Evolution of Microbial Genome

Microbial genome evolution is a highly dynamic process shaped by continual gene gain and loss across species and strains. This genomic flexibility allows microorganisms to adapt rapidly to environmental pressures and interactions with other organisms. Central to understanding this diversity is the distinction between the core and pan genomes.The core genome comprises the genes shared by all sampled strains of a species, representing essential functions needed for fundamental cellular processes.

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Genome-Wide Analysis of DNA Methylation in Gastrointestinal Cancer
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Published on: September 18, 2020

Host Gene Signatures Associated with Gastric Cancer-Associated Microbial Taxa: A Descriptive Microbiome-Transcriptome

Ozgur Albuz1, Dilek Pirim2,3, Sevinc Akcay4

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan, Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, 06200 Ankara, Türkiye.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies host gene signatures linked to gastric cancer-associated microbes. Findings suggest microbial dysbiosis may influence gene expression in stomach cancer development.

Keywords:
TCGAdysbiosisgastric cancerhost gene signaturesmicrobiometaxon set enrichment analysistranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Gastric cancer is a major global health concern, influenced by factors including microbial imbalance.
  • While Helicobacter pylori is a known risk factor, the role of broader gastric microbiome alterations in gastric carcinogenesis is under investigation.
  • Understanding the link between specific gut microbes and host gene expression is crucial for advancing gastric cancer research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify host gene signatures associated with microbial taxa implicated in gastric cancer.
  • To integrate microbiome data with host transcriptome data for a comprehensive analysis.
  • To generate hypotheses for future research into gastric cancer mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic retrieval of gastric cancer-associated microbial taxa from the Disbiome database.
  • Taxon Set Enrichment Analysis (TSEA) using MicrobiomeAnalyst to identify host genes linked to these taxa.
  • Transcriptomic analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) stomach adenocarcinoma dataset comparing tumor and normal tissues.

Main Results:

  • Eleven host genes were identified as associated with gastric cancer-related microbes via TSEA.
  • Significant differential expression of genes including DPP6, DLG2, KDM4D, USP34, and VDR in gastric tumors compared to normal tissues.
  • Network and transcription factor analyses suggested potential roles in immune response, epigenetic regulation, and cellular organization.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents an associative analysis identifying host gene expression patterns linked to gastric cancer-associated microbial dysbiosis.
  • The findings are hypothesis-generating and highlight potential molecular pathways involved in gastric carcinogenesis.
  • Further validation in independent cohorts is necessary to confirm these associations and explore causal relationships.