Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood glucose levels...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Amplatzer-Based Transcatheter Paravalvular Leak Closure: A Narrative Review of Device Design, Procedural Strategy, Safety, and Outcomes.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Lipid Disorders in Patients with Renal Failure: Role in Cardiovascular Events and Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Platelet Dysregulation in Atrial Fibrillation with Chronic Kidney Disease: Toward a Biology-Informed Anticoagulation Strategy.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Adipose Tissue Circadian Dysregulation Beyond BMI: Implications for Cardiometabolic Risk and Cardiovascular Disease.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Metabolic Dysfunction at the Core: Revisiting the Overlap of Cardiovascular, Renal, Hepatic, and Endocrine Disorders.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Beyond BMI: Rethinking Obesity Metrics and Cardiovascular Risk in the Era of Precision Medicine.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Videos

Cardiometabolic 2.0: Redefining Cardiovascular Prevention Through SGLT-2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.

Maria-Daniela Tanasescu1, Andrei-Mihnea Rosu2, Alexandru Minca1

  • 1Department of Semiology-Emergency, University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 022328 Bucharest, Romania.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) offer significant benefits for cardiometabolic diseases. These drugs are crucial for modern cardiovascular prevention across the cardiorenal-metabolic spectrum.

Keywords:
GLP-1 receptor agonistsSGLT-2 inhibitorsatherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasecardiometabolic medicinecardiorenal–metabolic syndromecardiovascular preventionchronic kidney diseaseheart failureobesitytype 2 diabetes

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic disease arises from interconnected conditions like obesity, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
  • Current management often focuses solely on glucose control, neglecting the broader cardiorenal-metabolic continuum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanistic rationale, clinical evidence, and implementation of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs in managing cardiorenal-metabolic conditions.
  • To assess the evolving role of these agents beyond diabetes treatment, particularly for obesity-associated cardiovascular risk.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of literature from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (primarily Jan 2019-Mar 2026, with key earlier studies).
  • Prioritized randomized controlled trials, outcome trials, meta-analyses, guidelines, and consensus documents.
  • Focused on evidence for SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs in the cardiorenal-metabolic spectrum.

Main Results:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitors demonstrate consistent benefits in reducing heart failure, slowing kidney disease progression, and lowering cardiorenal risk.
  • GLP-1 receptor agonists are associated with reduced major adverse cardiovascular events, residual atherosclerotic risk, and body weight.
  • Emerging data support their use in obesity-related cardiovascular risk, extending beyond diabetes management.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs are central to contemporary cardiovascular prevention strategies across the cardiorenal-metabolic spectrum.
  • Phenotype-informed selection, early organ-protective interventions, and multidisciplinary care are key, despite implementation barriers.
  • The Cardiometabolic 2.0 framework offers a model for integrating these therapies into organ-protective care.