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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, high molecular...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
10:22

Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer

Published on: November 30, 2020

Process Strategies Enabling Selective Polymer Valorization from Textile Fiber Blends.

Diana Smarandache1, Bruno Godinho2, Marina Matos2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Craiova, 107i Calea București Street, 200512 Craiova, Dolj, Romania.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a selective chemical recycling method for complex textile waste, successfully recovering high-quality materials from blended fibers like acrylic, nylon, polyester, and cotton.

Keywords:
circular economymixed fiber valorizationselective chemical recyclingtextile waste

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Microfluidic Fabrication of Polymeric and Biohybrid Fibers with Predesigned Size and Shape

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Textile Recycling

Background:

  • Textile waste, especially blended fibers, poses significant recycling challenges.
  • Conventional recycling methods struggle with the complexity of mixed textile streams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a selective valorization strategy for mixed textile waste.
  • To apply tailored chemical recycling routes to individual fiber types within waste streams.

Main Methods:

  • Dissolution-precipitation for acrylic (poly(acrylonitrile)-PAN).
  • Acidolysis for nylon.
  • Glycolysis for polyester (PeS).
  • Acetylation for cotton.

Main Results:

  • Recycled materials retained similar chemical structure and crystallinity.
  • Thermal stability was comparable or improved in most recycled systems.
  • Mechanical properties varied: reduced ductility in acrylic/cellulose acetate, increased stiffness in nylon, enhanced elongation in polyester.

Conclusions:

  • Selective chemical valorization is a viable and efficient method for recycling complex textile waste.
  • High-quality materials with retained functional properties can be recovered.
  • This approach addresses the limitations of conventional recycling for blended fibers.