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Hydrogel-based Micro/nanorobots For Advanced Biomedical Applications.

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Hydrogel-based Micro/nanorobots For Advanced Biomedical Applications.

Related Experiment Video

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components

An Additive Manufacturing Technique for the Facile and Rapid Fabrication of Hydrogel-based Micromachines with Magnetically Responsive Components

Published on: July 18, 2018

Hydrogel-Based Micro/Nanorobots for Advanced Biomedical Applications.

Gyunhee Cho¹, Jongkuk Ko², Yunwoo Lee¹

¹Department of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 27, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hydrogel-based micro/nanorobots offer precise, minimally invasive biomedical applications. This review explores their design, propulsion, and challenges for clinical translation in areas like drug delivery and cancer therapy.

Keywords:

biomedical applications drug delivery hydrogel microrobot

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science
Robotics

Background:

Micro/nanorobotics leverages precision and minimal invasiveness for advanced biomedical applications.
Unique physical constraints at the micro/nanoscale require specialized design, materials, and actuation strategies.
Hydrogels present significant advantages but also limitations in micro/nanorobot development.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent trends in micro/nanorobot development, focusing on hydrogel-based systems.
To comparatively analyze various propulsion strategies (magnetic, chemical, acoustic, optical, biohybrid) for micro/nanorobots.
To discuss applications, challenges, and future directions for clinical translation of micro/nanorobotic technologies.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of current literature on micro/nanorobot design, materials, and actuation.

Comparative analysis of different propulsion mechanisms and their associated material requirements and biocompatibility.

Discussion of representative applications in drug delivery, tissue regeneration, and cancer therapy.

Main Results:

Hydrogels offer unique properties for micro/nanorobot fabrication and functionality.
Various propulsion strategies exhibit distinct advantages and limitations regarding efficiency and biocompatibility.
Significant progress has been made in applying micro/nanorobots to targeted therapies and regenerative medicine.

Conclusions:

Hydrogel properties, actuation physics, and fabrication methods are critical for developing effective micro/nanorobots.
Overcoming challenges in material limitations, actuation efficiency, biocompatibility, and scalability is essential for clinical translation.
Further research is needed to realize the full potential of adaptive, biocompatible micro/nanorobotic systems in healthcare.