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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery
06:09

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Published on: February 14, 2019

Real-Time Breath Diagnostics: Linking Molecular Pathways, Measurement Technologies, and Clinical Translation.

Velmurugan Thavasi1, Nirmal Choradia2, Naoko Takebe2

  • 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Real-time breath analysis offers rapid insights into metabolic and inflammatory conditions. Further standardization is needed for clinical adoption of these promising diagnostic technologies.

Keywords:
breath volatilomebreathomicsclinical validationmachine learningmetabolite biosynthesisoxidative stress pathwaysproton transfer reaction mass spectrometryreal-time breath analysisvolatile organic compoundswearable biosensors

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Breath Collection from Children for Disease Biomarker Discovery
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Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
08:23

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Published on: March 9, 2018

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06:27

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Published on: June 11, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Diagnostic latency hinders timely medical intervention and early disease detection.
  • Exhaled breath analysis presents a non-invasive method for assessing metabolic and inflammatory states.
  • The breath volatilome and exhaled breath condensate offer a rich source of biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review real-time breath sampling and analytical technologies for clinical readiness.
  • To evaluate the clinical adoption potential of breath analysis technologies.
  • To emphasize molecular pathways reflected in breath for diagnostic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of real-time mass spectrometry for volatile organic compound (VOC) profiling and quantification.
  • Assessment of humidity-aware sensors and wearable platforms for extended breath monitoring.
  • Analysis of pathway-anchored interpretation linking breath volatile organic compounds to metabolic processes.

Main Results:

  • Real-time mass spectrometry allows kinetic VOC profiling and targeted quantification.
  • Advanced sensors and wearable platforms enable out-of-laboratory breath monitoring.
  • Breath analysis links to pathways like ketone handling, nitric oxide signaling, and lipid peroxidation.

Conclusions:

  • Breath analysis holds significant promise for rapid diagnostics but faces challenges.
  • Standardization of breath fraction control, traceable features, and quality systems are crucial for clinical translation.
  • Robust device algorithm stacks are necessary for reliable breath output interpretation in clinical decision-making.