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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Establishment of an Extracellular Acidic pH Culture System
09:41

Establishment of an Extracellular Acidic pH Culture System

Published on: November 19, 2017

Why Targeting Tumor Acidity Fails: Translational Barriers and Emerging Solutions.

Kyung-Hee Kim1,2, Byong Chul Yoo3

  • 1Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Targeting tumor acidity, a key feature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), shows promise but faces clinical translation challenges. Future strategies may involve exploiting acidity rather than direct neutralization for better therapeutic outcomes.

Keywords:
immunosuppressionlactate metabolismmetabolic plasticitytranslational barrierstumor aciditytumor microenvironment

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Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?
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Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

Published on: June 13, 2014

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Establishment of an Extracellular Acidic pH Culture System
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Looking for Driver Pathways of Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapy: Drug Resistant Subclone Generation and Sensitivity Restoring by Gene Knock-down
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Looking for Driver Pathways of Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapy: Drug Resistant Subclone Generation and Sensitivity Restoring by Gene Knock-down

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Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?
14:20

Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?

Published on: June 13, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Tumor Microenvironment Research

Background:

  • Tumor acidity is a recognized hallmark of the tumor microenvironment (TME), influencing cancer progression and serving as a potential therapeutic target.
  • Preclinical studies demonstrate that targeting tumor acidity can inhibit growth, reduce metastasis, and enhance antitumor immunity.
  • Despite strong rationale and preclinical success, clinical translation of acidity-targeting strategies has been limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the reasons behind the translational discrepancy of targeting tumor acidity.
  • To identify key barriers hindering the clinical success of these therapies.
  • To discuss emerging strategies for effectively targeting tumor acidity in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical and clinical studies on targeting tumor acidity.
  • Analysis of mechanistic and systemic barriers to therapeutic efficacy.
  • Discussion of novel therapeutic approaches and future directions.

Main Results:

  • Significant barriers include spatial heterogeneity of tumor pH, adaptive evolution, metabolic plasticity, and systemic constraints.
  • Tumor acidity is a complex feature shaped by metabolic and microenvironmental interactions, not a sole driver of progression.
  • Current strategies often fail due to limitations in drug delivery to acidic and hypoxic regions.

Conclusions:

  • Direct neutralization of tumor acidity has shown limited clinical success.
  • Future therapeutic strategies should focus on exploiting tumor acidity as a feature of the TME.
  • Emerging approaches include combination therapies, pH-responsive drug delivery, and microenvironment reprogramming.