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Updated: May 28, 2026
08:36
Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
Published on: August 8, 2019
Effects of Shift Work Type on Sleep Quality and Cortisol Regulation Among Nurses: A Prospective Observational Study
Željka Dujmić1,2,3, Štefica Mikšić1, Željko Mudri1
1Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Summary
Rotating shift work negatively impacts nurses' sleep quality and increases cortisol levels. However, these effects show significant reversibility after rest, suggesting potential for schedule optimization.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Endocrinology
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Rotating shift work is a prevalent occupational stressor for healthcare professionals.
- Disruptions in sleep and hormonal regulation are significant concerns for nurses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of rotating shift work on sleep quality and cortisol levels in nurses.
- To assess the reversibility of these physiological changes.
Main Methods:
- A prospective observational study involving 140 nurses in Croatia.
- Sleep quality was monitored using Fitbit Charge 3 smartwatches over eight days.
- Blood cortisol levels were measured at two time points.
Main Results:
- Nurses on rotating shifts (RSN) exhibited poorer sleep quality and higher morning cortisol levels compared to day shift nurses (DSN).
- Cortisol levels in RSN normalized after two nights of rest, indicating transient disruption.
- Age and years of service correlated with higher cortisol in RSN.
Conclusions:
- Rotating shift work is associated with reduced sleep quality and temporary cortisol dysregulation in nurses.
- The physiological impact of shift work appears reversible in the short term.
- Optimizing work schedules may mitigate long-term health risks for nurses.
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