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Edible Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADESs)-Based Polyphenolic Extracts: An Eco-Sustainable Alternative for Grape
Vincenzo Roselli1,2,3, Rosalba Leuci1, Marco Paparella1
1Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Campus E. Quagliariello, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, BA, Italy.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2026
Summary
Grape pomace, a wine industry waste, can be sustainably valorized for bioactive compounds using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs). Betaine-based NADESs efficiently extracted higher polyphenol content, showing antimicrobial activity and antioxidant potential.
Area of Science:
- Agro-industrial waste valorization
- Green chemistry and sustainable extraction
- Food science and nutraceuticals
Background:
- Agro-industrial waste, like grape pomace, presents an opportunity for sustainable sourcing of bioactive compounds.
- Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) offer an environmentally friendly medium for extracting valuable compounds from plant materials.
- Wine production generates significant pomace, a rich source of polyphenols with potential health benefits.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential of wine grape pomace from the Apulia region (Italy) as a source of bioactive polyphenols.
- To investigate the efficacy of different NADES formulations for extracting polyphenols from selected grape varieties.
- To characterize the phenolic profiles and evaluate the bioactivity (antimicrobial and antioxidant) of the obtained extracts.
Main Methods:
- Collection and processing of seventeen wine grape pomace varieties.
- Extraction of polyphenols using two NADES systems: betaine/lactic acid and choline chloride/ascorbic acid.
- Qualitative-quantitative analysis of phenolic profiles using LC-QTOF-MS.
- Assessment of antimicrobial activity against specific bacteria and evaluation of antioxidant capacity.
Main Results:
- Betaine-based NADES extracts yielded significantly higher total polyphenol content compared to choline chloride-based extracts.
- Extracts demonstrated qualitative antimicrobial effectiveness against *B. allii* and *E. coli*.
- Betaine/lactic acid extracts showed promising antioxidant activity and high total polyphenol content, with ascorbic acid influencing results in choline chloride-based extracts.
Conclusions:
- NADESs, particularly betaine/lactic acid, are effective for extracting bioactive polyphenols from grape pomace.
- Grape pomace polyphenols possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, supporting their use in various applications.
- Combining NADES technology with grape pomace valorization represents a sustainable strategy for developing novel functional ingredients.
