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Updated: May 28, 2026

Simulation of a Scaled Assembly Process with Collaboration of a Robotic Arm and Monitoring through a Vision System for Quality Control
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Published on: August 29, 2025

A Multi-Dimensional Vision-Based System for External Thread Defect Detection with Integrated Security Defense.

Leqi Li1, Gengpei Zhang1

  • 1College of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434100, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a vision system for external thread defect detection, combining 2D and 3D methods for precise defect analysis. The system accurately identifies defects like corrosion and missing teeth, improving geometric characterization in industrial settings.

Keywords:
data augmentationexternal thread defect detectionpoint cloud filteringpoint cloud reconstructionsecurity defense

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Area of Science:

  • Engineering
  • Computer Vision
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Conventional 2D inspection methods for external threads lack geometric characterization capabilities.
  • Accurate defect detection and quantitative analysis are crucial for industrial quality control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multi-dimensional vision system for enhanced external thread defect detection.
  • To integrate 2D defect localization with 3D geometric analysis for comprehensive defect assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a YOLOv13-based detector with data augmentation for identifying missing teeth, scratches, and corrosion.
  • Employed Gaussian Splatting for high-fidelity 3D reconstruction from multi-view images.
  • Developed 3D analysis techniques for defect size estimation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high average precisions for defect detection: 95.3% (missing teeth), 96.7% (scratches), and 79.7% (corrosion).
  • Enabled defect size estimation with an error below 1 mm using 3D reconstructed data.
  • Demonstrated a balance between detection accuracy and geometric measurement under industrial conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed vision system offers a robust solution for multi-dimensional external thread defect inspection.
  • Integration of 2D detection and 3D reconstruction significantly improves geometric characterization and defect analysis.
  • The system shows reliability and potential for complex industrial quality control applications.