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Beyond self-reports: Exploring the disconnect between subjective behavioural correlates, self-reported adherence, and

Flora K Parragi¹, Gigi C W P Vissers², Charlotte C Tanis¹

¹University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Journal of Health Psychology

|May 27, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Many people intend to perform protective behaviors but don't, a gap shown in COVID-19 physical distancing. Objective measures are crucial for public health policy, as self-reports and intentions poorly predict actual behavior.

Keywords:

intention-behaviour gap network analysis objective behaviour public health interventions self-reported behaviour

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Behavioral Science
Epidemiology

Background:

The intention-behavior gap highlights discrepancies between stated intentions and actual actions.
Understanding factors influencing protective behaviors is vital for effective public health interventions.
COVID-19 physical distancing provides a relevant case study for examining this gap.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the predictive power of various behavioral correlates and self-reported behaviors on objectively measured physical distancing.
To analyze the intention-behavior gap in the context of a real-world public event during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

Data collection from 565 art fair visitors included pre-event questionnaires, objective behavior observation, and post-event self-reports.
Statistical analyses, including regression and Gaussian Graphical Models, were employed to assess relationships between variables.
Objective behavior was determined through direct observation during the event.

Main Results:

Self-reported behaviors were found to be poor predictors of objectively measured physical distancing.
Among assessed behavioral correlates, only perceived health demonstrated a weak association with objective behavior.
A significant disconnect was observed between intentions, self-reports, and actual physical distancing behavior.

Conclusions:

The study underscores the unreliability of self-reports and intentions in predicting actual protective behaviors.
Objective measures are essential for accurate public health policy design and evaluation.
Future research should focus on integrating objective behavioral assessments into public health strategies.