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Updated: May 28, 2026
Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs
Published on: August 8, 2022
The coprecipitation-functionalized 3D-printed GM/PDA/PRF hydrogel for infected bone regeneration via synergistic
Zihang Yu1, Lei Miao2, Shuchang Liu1
1Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110002, PR China.
Abstract:
To address insufficient osteogenesis and persistent infection in infected bone defects, we developed a dual-functionalized hydrogel by integrating polydopamine (PDA) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) into a 3D-printed gelatin methacryloyl/methylcellulose (GM) matrix. Two functionalization strategies, surface adsorption and coprecipitation, were employed to fabricate GM/PRF-A and GM/PRF-C scaffolds. Comprehensive characterization revealed both scaffolds exhibited favorable hydrophilicity, controllable degradation and improved mechanical properties. The incorporation of PDA within hydrogels displayed NIR-responsive photothermal antibacterial activity, as well as serving as a bio-adhesive to stabilize PRF and enable on-demand growth-factor release. Both functionalization strategies promoted the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Compared with the adsorption-based scaffold, the coprecipitation-functionalized hydrogel showed more sustained growth-factor release, better antibacterial efficacy, and superior osteogenic performance in vitro and in an infected calvarial defect model. These findings indicated that coprecipitation-functionalized GM/PDA/PRF hydrogel was a promising strategy for infected bone regeneration.
