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A Bioluminescent and Fluorescent Orthotopic Syngeneic Murine Model of Androgen-dependent and Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Published on: March 6, 2018
Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Elias A Castro1, Yash C Jani2, Mehmet A Bilen3
1Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Abstract:
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous malignancy affecting men in the United States, with the incidence of metastatic disease rising. Despite modern androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), nearly all cases of metastatic prostate cancer develop castration resistance. Informed by successes in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), novel treatment modalities have emerged as part of the armamentarium for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). In this review, we detail treatments such as cytotoxic chemotherapy, androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs), radiotherapy, radiopharmaceutical therapy, immunotherapy, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the treatment of mHSPC, synthesizing current evidence and guiding clinical decision-making. With technological advances and insight from molecular studies, we discuss emerging biomarkers as indicators to guide prognostication and therapeutic decisions. As a result of these developments, the treatment landscape for mHSPC is evolving toward a precision oncology paradigm incorporating combined systemic therapies.
Insights
Metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) treatment is evolving. Novel therapies, including chemotherapy and targeted agents, are improving outcomes and moving towards precision oncology.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Urology
Background:
- Prostate cancer is a leading malignancy in the US, with rising metastatic incidence.
- Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is standard for metastatic prostate cancer, but castration resistance eventually develops.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and emerging treatments for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).
- To guide clinical decision-making by synthesizing evidence on novel therapeutic modalities.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of existing literature on mHSPC treatments.
- Analysis of current evidence for cytotoxic chemotherapy, androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs), radiotherapy, radiopharmaceutical therapy, immunotherapy, and PARP inhibitors.
- Discussion of emerging biomarkers for prognostication and therapeutic guidance.
Main Results:
- Novel treatment modalities are expanding the armamentarium for mHSPC.
- The treatment landscape is shifting towards precision oncology with combined systemic therapies.
- Emerging biomarkers aid in guiding treatment decisions and improving prognostication.
Conclusions:
- The management of mHSPC is rapidly advancing with new therapeutic options.
- Precision medicine approaches, incorporating biomarkers and combined therapies, are becoming central to mHSPC treatment.
- Continued research and clinical trials are essential to optimize mHSPC care.
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