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Steroid receptor coactivator-1: integrating steroid hormone signals to regulate brain function and disease

Yinghui Li1, Bing Yang1, Shiwei Xu1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Yilong County People's Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|May 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) is crucial for brain function, regulating gene transcription and neural homeostasis. Its dysregulation links to neurological disorders, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1), also known as NCOA1, is the first identified p160 family member.
  • SRC-1 is vital for integrating steroid hormone signals and regulating gene transcription.
  • It plays a key role in maintaining neural homeostasis within the central nervous system (CNS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the molecular structure, expression, and functions of SRC-1.
  • To explore the role of SRC-1 in various neurological disorders.
  • To discuss SRC-1's potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on SRC-1 molecular structure and expression.
  • Analysis of functional studies detailing SRC-1's role in neural processes.
  • Examination of research linking SRC-1 to neurological diseases.

Main Results:

  • SRC-1 shows region-specific, cell-type-specific, and sexually dimorphic expression in the brain (hippocampus, cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala).
  • SRC-1 influences learning, memory, metabolism, emotion, and reproduction by modulating synaptic plasticity and neurotrophic factors.
  • Abnormal SRC-1 expression is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, autism, and glioblastoma.

Conclusions:

  • SRC-1 is a critical regulator of CNS functions with diverse physiological roles.
  • SRC-1's involvement in neurological disorders suggests its significance in disease pathogenesis.
  • SRC-1 presents promising potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for neurological conditions.
Keywords:
central nervous systemlearning and memoryneurodegenerative diseasesneuropsychiatric disorderssteroid receptor coactivator-1

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