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Published on: August 4, 2021
Altered inflammatory and coagulation markers in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss: A case-control
Fatemeh Bakhshipour1, Mehdi Torabizadeh2, Mohammad Ali Jalali Far1
1Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Background:
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common pregnancy complication that significantly influences the lives of many couples worldwide. Previous studies have indicated that RPL may be associated with coagulation and inflammatory factors.
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between calprotectin levels and coagulation disorders in women with RPL.
Materials And Methods:
In this case-control study, a total of 100 women aged between 18 and 45 yr who had been admitted to Golestan hospital, Ahvaz, Iran from February 2024 to January 2025 enrolled. Participants were divided into 2 groups: women with RPL as the case group (n = 50), and women with no history of infertility or miscarriage as the control group (n = 50). Blood samples collected, and levels of protein C, protein S, and calprotectin measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chromogenic assays.
Results:
Protein S levels were significantly lower in the RPL group compared to controls (p = 0.03), whereas protein C and calprotectin levels did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (p = 0.14, 0.17). Altered hematological parameters, including a higher prevalence of anemia, were noted in RPL cases. Logistic regression indicated that reduced protein S levels were associated with a 4.38-fold increased risk of RPL.
Conclusion:
This study reinforces the role of protein S deficiency in RPL, suggesting that even modest reductions may predispose placental thrombosis and fetal loss. Although protein C and calprotectin levels did not differ significantly, the results underscore the importance of evaluating both coagulation profiles and inflammatory markers in RPL.
