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Updated: May 28, 2026
10:34
Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Published on: August 30, 2020
Inflammation in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Cause, Consequence, or Both? Focus on Pathogen Pattern
Juhana Frösén1,2,3, Pervinder Bhogal4
1Department of Clinical Medicine, Hemorrhagic Brain Pathology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Finland (J.F.).
Stroke
|May 27, 2026
Summary
Pattern recognition receptors (PPRs) and their ligands, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), drive inflammation in intracranial aneurysms. Targeting these pathways may prevent rupture and subsequent hemorrhage.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Inflammation is critical in intracranial aneurysm (IA) development, progression, and rupture, leading to aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).
- Pattern recognition receptors (PPRs) mediate innate immunity, responding to microbial and non-microbial danger signals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of PPRs, PAMPs, and DAMPs in IA pathogenesis and aSAH-induced neuronal injury.
- To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting these inflammatory pathways.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of existing literature on PPRs, PAMPs, DAMPs, and intracranial aneurysms.
- Analysis of the inflammatory mechanisms involved in IA formation, progression, and rupture.
- Discussion of therapeutic targets for IA and aSAH.
Main Results:
- PPR activation by PAMPs and DAMPs contributes to excessive inflammation, cell death, and tissue remodeling in IAs.
- These inflammatory processes are implicated in IA rupture and subsequent neuronal damage following aSAH.
Conclusions:
- PPRs, PAMPs, and DAMPs are key players in the inflammatory cascade of intracranial aneurysms.
- Targeting these innate immune mediators offers promising therapeutic avenues to prevent IA rupture and aSAH-related neurological deficits.
Keywords:
immunity, innateinflammationintracranial aneurysmpathogen-associated molecular pattern moleculessubarachnoid hemorrhageMore Related Videos
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