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Related Concept Videos

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA (thiogalactoside...
Allosteric Regulation01:08

Allosteric Regulation

Allosteric regulation of enzymes occurs when the binding of an effector molecule to a site that is different from the active site causes a change in the enzymatic activity. This alternate site is called an allosteric site, and an enzyme can contain more than one of these sites. Allosteric regulation can either be positive or negative, resulting in an increase or decrease in enzyme activity. Most enzymes that display allosteric regulation are metabolic enzymes involved in the degradation or...
Allosteric Regulation01:08

Allosteric Regulation

Allosteric regulation of enzymes occurs when the binding of an effector molecule to a site that is different from the active site causes a change in the enzymatic activity. This alternate site is called an allosteric site, and an enzyme can contain more than one of these sites. Allosteric regulation can either be positive or negative, resulting in an increase or decrease in enzyme activity. Most enzymes that display allosteric regulation are metabolic enzymes involved in the degradation or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Methane Hydrate Crystallization on Sessile Water Droplets
08:46

Methane Hydrate Crystallization on Sessile Water Droplets

Published on: May 26, 2021

Tunable Strategies for Controlled CO2 Hydrate Formation: Integrating Promoter-Driven Regulation and Cage Occupancy

Hao Peng1, Ye Zhang2, Chenlu Xu3,4

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Deep Geothermal Resources, School of Sustainable Energy, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China.

Environmental Science & Technology
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study explores hydrate-based carbon sequestration for offshore carbon capture and storage (CCS). Optimized conditions using 1,3-dioxane/CO2 hydrates and kinetic promoters enhance gas uptake and formation efficiency.

Keywords:
cage occupancycarbon managementclathrate hydratespromoter-drivenultrarapid formation

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Microfluidic Pneumatic Cages: A Novel Approach for In-chip Crystal Trapping, Manipulation and Controlled Chemical Treatment
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Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source
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Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source

Published on: August 17, 2018

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Methane Hydrate Crystallization on Sessile Water Droplets
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Published on: May 26, 2021

Microfluidic Pneumatic Cages: A Novel Approach for In-chip Crystal Trapping, Manipulation and Controlled Chemical Treatment
09:34

Microfluidic Pneumatic Cages: A Novel Approach for In-chip Crystal Trapping, Manipulation and Controlled Chemical Treatment

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Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source
06:26

Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source

Published on: August 17, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry and Materials Science
  • Focuses on the intersection of geological processes and material properties for carbon sequestration.

Background:

  • Offshore carbon capture and storage (CCS) is crucial for climate change mitigation.
  • Hydrate-based CCS leverages the unique properties of structure I (sI) and structure II (sII) hydrates.
  • Understanding cage occupancy in hydrates is key to optimizing CO2 sequestration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify cage occupancies in binary 1,3-dioxane/CO2 hydrates using spectroscopy and chemical potential calculations.
  • To develop a numerical model for predicting hydrate formation parameters.
  • To optimize conditions for efficient offshore CO2 sequestration using hydrate technology.

Main Methods:

  • Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transformations Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) for cage occupancy analysis.
  • Chemical potential calculations to determine guest molecule distribution.
  • Numerical modeling to simulate gas uptake and hydrate properties.
  • Kinetic experiments with varying 1,3-dioxane concentrations and kinetic promoters (SL-Na, l-Trp, l-Lys).

Main Results:

  • Quantified CO2 cage occupancies in 1,3-dioxane/CO2 hydrates at specific temperature, pressure, and concentration.
  • Developed a program to calculate gas uptake, hydration number, density, and molar mass.
  • Optimized stirring speed (800 rpm) and gas-liquid ratio (5) for hydrate formation in seamud.
  • Identified optimal conditions for 1,3-dioxane/CO2 hydrate (5.56 mol % dioxane) achieving rapid formation (t90 = 2.44 min) and high gas uptake (73.526 mmol/mol).
  • Determined optimal sI hydrate pathway using 800 ppm SL-Na promoter, resulting in t90 = 18.78 min and uptake = 53.719 mmol/mol.

Conclusions:

  • Cage occupancy data and promoter optimization are vital for designing effective offshore CO2 sequestration strategies.
  • The study demonstrates a pathway for enhanced safety and efficiency in offshore carbon sequestration.
  • Findings support the development of stratified sealing strategies for long-term carbon storage.