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Pre-Post Motor-Cognitive and Shooting Performance Patterns in Security-Force Applicants During a Fixed-Order

Kristína Němá1, Peter Kačúr2, Tomáš Kozák3

  • 1Department of Educology of Sports, Faculty of Sport, University of Prešov, 080 01 Prešov, Slovakia.

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
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This pilot study found that acute physical strain negatively impacted first-shot accuracy in security personnel. However, cognitive performance, measured by the Hawk Eye test, showed no significant decline under similar conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science and Performance
  • Human Factors and Ergonomics
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Operational effectiveness for security forces relies on sustained motor-cognitive and shooting skills under physical duress.
  • This study investigates performance changes during an acute physical load protocol in a security force applicant sample.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine pre-post performance variations in motor-cognitive and shooting tasks during a fixed-order acute-load protocol.
  • To determine if detailed trial-level and spatial analyses reveal performance changes missed by aggregate scores.

Main Methods:

  • Nineteen security force applicants underwent two testing sequences involving Hawk Eye testing, International Practical Shooting Confederation (IPSC)-based shooting, and the Jaciak Motor Coordination Test.
  • Primary outcomes included first-shot hit rate and Hawk Eye error count; secondary outcomes involved timing, spatial distributions, and cross-task coupling.
Keywords:
Hawk Eyeacute physical loaddescriptive pilot studyfirst-shot accuracymotor–cognitive performancesecurity-force applicantsshooting performancespatial error distribution

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  • A descriptive, within-subject design was employed, with sequence order analyzed descriptively due to lack of a control group.

    • Main Results:

    • Heart rate significantly increased post-Jaciak test, reaching 86-88% of age-predicted maximum heart rate.
    • Model-based analysis revealed decreased odds of a first-shot hit post-load compared to pre-load.
    • No statistically significant pre-post change was detected in Hawk Eye error probability, though first-shot hit rate decreased significantly in Sequence 1.

    Conclusions:

    • Acute physical load was associated with reduced first-shot shooting performance in this sample.
    • No statistically detectable decline in cognitive performance (Hawk Eye errors) was observed.
    • The study's descriptive nature, lacking a no-load control, limits causal attribution of performance changes solely to acute physical load.