Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Effectiveness of office-based vergence/accommodative therapy with movement for accommodative dysfunction in concussion-related convergence insufficiency: a secondary analysis of the CONCUSS randomised clinical trial.

British journal of sports medicine·2026
Same author

Distributed cortical network dynamics of binocular convergent eye movements in humans.

Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Assessment of eye movement endurance using the OculoMotor Assessment Tool: A replication study on young Indian adults.

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry·2026
Same author

Heath components of objective accommodative responses for convergence insufficiency participants compared with those with binocularly normal vision.

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry·2025
Same author

Infographic. Keep an eye on vision after concussion-screening tool and procedure for the two most common concussion-related vision disorders: convergence insufficiency and accommodative insufficiency.

British journal of sports medicine·2025
Same author

CONCUSS randomised clinical trial of vergence/accommodative therapy for concussion-related symptomatic convergence insufficiency.

British journal of sports medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
07:24

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

Oculomotor Vergence Eye Movement Endurance in Normal Vision via Virtual Reality-Integrated Eye Tracking.

Fatema F Hirani1, Farzin Hajebrahimi1, Tara L Alvarez1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.

Journal of Eye Movement Research
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Vergence endurance, a measure of sustained visual performance, was quantified in young adults. This metric may aid in diagnosing visual issues related to electronic device use and brain injuries.

Keywords:
convergencedivergencevergence endurancevergence eye movementvirtual reality

More Related Videos

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes
08:27

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane
07:24

Using Eye-tracking to Assess the Relative Importance of Visual and Vestibular Input to Subcortical Motion Processing in the Roll Plane

Published on: August 22, 2025

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes
08:27

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
07:45

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition

Published on: July 21, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Factors Engineering

Background:

  • Modern societies exhibit increased reliance on electronic devices, correlating with a rise in visual symptoms.
  • Vergence endurance, the capacity to maintain visual task performance, offers a potential quantitative measure for assessing vergence function during near work.
  • Current assessment methods for vergence performance often rely on subjective symptom surveys, highlighting a need for objective metrics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify vergence endurance using a novel metric during a sustained visual task.
  • To investigate potential differences in vergence performance between convergence and divergence eye movements.
  • To explore the clinical utility of vergence endurance as a diagnostic tool for individuals with acquired brain injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-eight participants (aged 15-23) with normal binocular vision performed a 15-minute symmetrical disparity vergence step task.
  • Eye movements were tracked using a virtual reality headset integrated with an eye tracker to measure peak vergence velocity and amplitude.
  • Data analysis involved quantifying peak velocity, final amplitude, and regression slopes to assess changes over time and differences between convergence and divergence.

Main Results:

  • Peak velocity was sustained throughout the task by 63% of participants for convergence and 69% for divergence.
  • Significant differences were observed between convergence and divergence responses in terms of peak velocity (p < 0.001) and vergence endurance (p < 0.03).
  • The study identified individual variability in the ability to sustain vergence performance.

Conclusions:

  • Vergence endurance can be reliably quantified and shows potential as an objective clinical metric.
  • Differences in convergence and divergence performance suggest distinct underlying mechanisms or vulnerabilities.
  • The developed endurance metric tool may inform future clinical applications for conditions like concussions, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease.