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Home CPAP/NIV in pediatric patients: which disorders?

Sonia Khirani1, Lucie Griffon2, Alessandro Amaddeo3

  • 1ASV Santé, F-92000, Gennevilliers, France; Pediatric Noninvasive Ventilation and Sleep Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, F-75015, Paris, France; Université de Paris Cité, UMR 7330 VIFASOM, F-75004, Paris, France.

Sleep Medicine
|May 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

In France, obesity, Down syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 2, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are common pediatric disorders requiring CPAP or NIV.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Medical Device Utilization

Background:

  • A 2019 French national survey identified 1447 children using long-term continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or noninvasive ventilation (NIV).
  • Limited data exists on the specific pediatric disorders necessitating CPAP or NIV treatment.
  • This study aimed to detail the disorders requiring CPAP/NIV across different age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and report the specific pediatric disorders requiring CPAP and NIV.
  • To categorize these disorders based on age groups (0-2, 3-5, 6-10, ≥11 years).
  • To provide insights into the prevalence of conditions managed with respiratory support in children.

Main Methods:

  • Data was sourced from the 2019 French national survey.
  • Children were categorized into four age groups: 0-2, 3-5, 6-10, and ≥11 years old.
  • The number of children and their respective disorders were reported for each age category and treatment type (CPAP/NIV).

Main Results:

  • Children under 3 years old were most frequently treated with CPAP/NIV.
  • Common CPAP indications included Down syndrome and Robin sequence (<3 years), OSAS and Down syndrome (3-5 years), and obesity and OSAS (≥6 years).
  • NIV was primarily used for Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) types 1 & 2 (<3 years), SMA type 2 (3-10 years), and Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) (≥11 years).

Conclusions:

  • Obesity, Down syndrome, OSAS, SMA type 2, and DMD are the most frequent disorders managed with home CPAP/NIV in France.
  • These findings highlight key conditions requiring respiratory support in pediatric populations.
  • The landscape of these disorders may evolve with advancements in rare disease therapies.
Abstract

Keywords:
Continuous positive airway pressureDisordersNational surveyNoninvasive ventilationPediatrics

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