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Detection and Recovery of Palladium, Gold and Cobalt Metals from the Urban Mine Using Novel Sensors/Adsorbents Designated with Nanoscale Wagon-wheel-shaped Pores
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Published on: December 6, 2015

Synergistic H2S sensing in Pd-functionalized In2S3flakes.

Ashok Kumar1, Raushan Kumar2, Akash Gutal3

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342030, India.

Nanotechnology
|May 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a high-performance hydrogen sulfide (H2S) sensor using palladium-functionalized indium sulfide flakes. The sensor shows enhanced response, selectivity, and a low detection limit for H2S gas monitoring.

Keywords:
CVDDFTH2SPd nanoparticlemetal sulfidespillover effect

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Published on: March 2, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Sensing

Background:

  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is toxic and corrosive, necessitating reliable sensors for safety and environmental monitoring.
  • Indium sulfide (In2S3) offers potential for gas sensing due to its porous microstructure and active sites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-performance chemiresistive H2S gas sensor.
  • To enhance the sensing capabilities of In2S3 using palladium (Pd) nanoparticle functionalization.

Main Methods:

  • Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was used to grow In2S3 flakes.
  • Pd nanoparticles were synthesized and decorated onto the In2S3 flakes.
  • Gas sensing performance was evaluated at various H2S concentrations and temperatures.
  • Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to understand the sensing mechanism.

Main Results:

  • The Pd-functionalized In2S3 sensor exhibited a 1.4-fold increase in response and enhanced selectivity towards H2S.
  • A sensing response of ~67.60% was achieved at 50 ppm H2S at 75 °C.
  • The sensor demonstrated rapid kinetics (48s response, 260s recovery) and a low limit of detection (LOD) of 59 ppb.
  • High humidity tolerance (up to 80% RH) and excellent repeatability were observed.
  • DFT calculations revealed an 8-fold increase in adsorption energy and significant charge transfer upon Pd decoration.

Conclusions:

  • Pd nanoparticle functionalization significantly enhances the performance of In2S3-based H2S sensors.
  • The developed sensor offers a practical and efficient solution for H2S detection.
  • First-principles calculations provide insights into the electronic sensitization mechanism responsible for ppb-level sensitivity.