[Ethical challenges and prospective strategies in orthopedic robotic-assisted surgery]

The ethical challenges of orthopedic robotic-assisted surgery encompass the ambiguity of the acting agent during surgery and uncertainties in patient benefits, the transfer of decision-making authority alongside dilemmas in intelligent model explainability, and blurred lines of accountability for surgical risks. To address these challenges, the review proposes prospective strategies from the three aspects of medical policy and governance, technological iteration and clinical integration, and psychological role adaptation of surgeons, and aims to provide theoretical insights for the standardized development and ethical governance of orthopedic robotic-assisted surgery.