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Trial-by-trial auditory brainstem response detection.

George S Liu¹, Noor-E-Seher Ali¹, Dáibhid Ó Maoiléidigh²

¹Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA.

Scientific Reports

|May 27, 2026

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This study introduces a new method to analyze individual auditory brainstem response (ABR) trials, enabling precise auditory brainstem detection (ABD) thresholds and suprathreshold hearing assessment for better hearing loss diagnosis.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Audiology
Signal Processing

Background:

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) is crucial for diagnosing hearing loss.
Current ABR analysis averages many trials, limiting precision due to low signal-to-noise ratio in individual trials.
Trial-by-trial ABR analysis has been historically unfeasible.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a method for scoring and analyzing individual ABR trials.
To establish auditory brainstem detection (ABD) thresholds from individual trials.
To assess suprathreshold hearing using single-trial ABR data.

Main Methods:

Scoring individual ABR trials based on amplitude and similarity.
Utilizing the distribution of individual-trial scores to define ABD thresholds.

Keywords:

Auditory system Evoked potentials Hearing Signal detection Suprathreshold Threshold

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Ranking suprathreshold hearing based on individual subject data.

Main Results:

Successfully enabled scoring of individual ABR trials.
Developed auditory brainstem detection (ABD) thresholds from single-trial data.
Demonstrated that combined amplitude and similarity scores yield lower ABD thresholds than amplitude alone.
Identified suprathreshold hearing deficits in subjects with normal ABR thresholds.

Conclusions:

The novel method overcomes the limitations of traditional averaged ABR analysis.
Individual-trial ABR scoring provides a more sensitive measure of auditory function.
This approach enhances the diagnosis of hearing loss and assessment of suprathreshold hearing deficits.