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Experimental randomness amplification
Anatoly Kulikov1,2, Simon Storz3,4, Josua D Schär3,4
1Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. akulikov@phys.ethz.ch.
Nature
|May 27, 2026
Summary
This study demonstrates quantum randomness amplification, a protocol that enhances flawed random bits from imperfect quantum devices. This quantum technology achieves a task impossible for classical computers, proving a definitive quantum advantage.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Quantum Computing
- Quantum Cryptography
Background:
- Quantum information processing devices produce imperfect random bits essential for applications like cryptographic key generation.
- Flawed randomness requires enhancement through protocols like randomness amplification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To experimentally implement a device-independent randomness amplification protocol.
- To demonstrate a definitive quantum advantage in randomness enhancement.
Main Methods:
- Executed a loophole-free Bell test within a specific parameter regime (high Bell violation and high repetition rate).
- Utilized superconducting circuits for experimental demonstration.
- Leveraged theoretical advances for an experimentally realistic parameter regime.
Main Results:
- Successfully implemented randomness amplification using quantum devices.
- Achieved a high Bell violation and high repetition rate in the experiment.
- Demonstrated a task unattainable by purely classical means.
Conclusions:
- Randomness amplification is a quantum protocol that cannot be replicated classically.
- This experiment showcases a practical quantum advantage in enhancing randomness quality.
- The findings pave the way for secure cryptographic applications leveraging quantum technology.
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