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Related Concept Videos

Menopause01:28

Menopause

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of a woman's fertility, typically occurs between the fifth and sixth decade of life. This phase is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicle pool, leading to less responsive ovaries despite the high levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The consequential decrease in estrogen production results in symptoms like hot flashes, heavy sweating, headaches, hair loss, muscle pains, vaginal...
Menses Phase01:18

Menses Phase

The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...

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Updated: May 29, 2026

Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design
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Menopause comfort scale: a scale development study.

Gamze Goke Arslan1, Nuran Nur Aypar Akbag2, Yasemin Sanli3

  • 1Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Yunus Emre Campus, Karaman, 70200, Türkiye. gamzegoke@kmu.edu.tr.

BMC Women'S Health
|May 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed the Menopause Comfort Scale to assess comfort in menopausal women. The scale is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating physical, psychological, environmental, and social well-being during menopause.

Keywords:
ComfortMenopauseScale developmentValidity and reliabilityWomen’s health

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing research
  • Women's health
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Menopause significantly impacts women's quality of life due to severe symptoms.
  • Addressing physical, socio-cultural, psycho-spiritual, and environmental well-being during menopause is crucial for nursing care.
  • Developing effective assessment tools is essential for improving menopausal women's comfort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop the Menopause Comfort Scale (MCS).
  • To evaluate the validity and reliability of the MCS for Turkish menopausal women.
  • To provide a tool for assessing comfort levels across multiple dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, comparative, and methodological study design was employed.
  • The study included 423 volunteer women meeting specific inclusion criteria.
  • Data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form and the newly developed MCS.

Main Results:

  • Exploratory factor analysis identified 4 factors explaining 71.314% of the variance.
  • Confirmatory factor analysis indicated excellent model fit (RMSEA=0.04, CFI=0.98).
  • The scale demonstrated high reliability with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.814 and KMO of 0.782.

Conclusions:

  • The Menopause Comfort Scale is a valid and reliable instrument.
  • The MCS effectively measures comfort in psychological, environmental, physical, and social dimensions.
  • This scale can be utilized by healthcare professionals to assess and improve the comfort of menopausal women.