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Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma masquerading as a primary parotid tumor: a case report
I V Renuka1, M Atchyuta2, Sandhya Krupal2
1Department of Pathology, NRI Medical College, Chinakakani, Guntur District, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522503, India. repriya56@gmail.com.
Journal of Medical Case Reports
|May 28, 2026
Summary
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is rare in the parotid gland, especially in women. This case highlights the importance of considering this rare tumor in parotid region swelling, even when it mimics salivary gland conditions.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Head and Neck Surgery
Background:
- Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare malignancy, predominantly affecting males and infrequently occurring in the parotid region.
- This case involved a 19-year-old Indian woman misdiagnosed with a primary salivary gland tumor.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in the parotid gland of a young woman.
- To emphasize the diagnostic challenges and clinical awareness required for this rare presentation.
Main Methods:
- Clinical presentation of a 19-year-old female with a year-long history of left facial swelling.
- Initial clinical diagnosis of a parotid gland tumor, followed by biopsy and immunohistochemistry.
- Treatment with chemotherapy and subsequent follow-up.
Main Results:
- Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry confirmed embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
- The patient responded well to chemotherapy, with no recurrence at 1-year follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is exceptionally rare in the parotid gland, particularly in females.
- Clinicians must differentiate this tumor from common salivary gland pathologies and inflammatory conditions, especially in pediatric and adolescent populations.
