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Enterovirus D68 Epidemic in Children With Acute Respiratory Infections in Beijing, China, 2017-2024
Hanhaoyu Fu1,2, Ri De1, Zhenzhi Han1
1Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Abstract:
The increased circulation of enteroviruses (EVs) from July to December 2024 necessitated a retrospective analysis of hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Beijing, China, during 2017-2024. Among the 155 cases confirmed as EVs (0.67%, 155/23,245), with peaks in a triennial pattern and predominance between July and October, 114 were EV-D68, with 82 (71.93%) detected between July and October 2024. Among the 79 VP1 gene sequences of EV-D68 classified into subclades B3 (50.63%, 40/79) and D1 (49.37%, 39/79) through phylogenetic analysis, 31 (77.50%, 31/40) were B3 from 2024, and 34 (87.18%, 34/39) were D1 from 2024. More patients infected with B3 required oxygen supplementation than those infected with D1 (p = 0.042). Therefore, an epidemic of EV-D68 with the co-circulation of B3 and D1 was observed in 2024, with more severe disease caused by B3 than by D1, which underscores the urgent need for surveillance of EV-D68.
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