[Ubiquitination modification of NLRP3 inflammasome and its role in inflammatory bowel disease]

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) belongs to a group of idiopathic intestinal inflammatory disorders that affect the ileum, rectum, and colon. There is still no effective treatment methods, and with the increasing number of patients, IBD has brought a heavy burden to the medical system. Chronic inflammation mediated by abnormal activation of the intestinal mucosal immune system plays an important role in the occurrence and development of IBD. As a common intracellular sensor that activates the innate immune system, inflammasomes have a signaling cascade regulated by ubiquitination/deubiquitination. Multiple studies have confirmed that NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is continuously activated in the progression of IBD, therefore targeting this oligomeric protein complex is of great significance for the treatment of IBD. This review systematically introduces the activation mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasome, the regulation of NLRP3 signaling cascade by ubiquitination/deubiquitination modification, and the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the progression of IBD under the post-translational modification regulation. It also systematically discusses the feasibility of targeting this protein complex to provide new ideas for the treatment of IBD.