First Impressions Count: A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Parents of Autistic Children's First Encounters...

Area of Science:

• Developmental Pediatrics
• Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
• Qualitative Health Research

Background:

• Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) signs is critical for intervention.
• Parents experiencing developmental concerns often seek initial guidance from healthcare professionals (HCPs).
• The first interaction with HCPs significantly influences parental feelings and subsequent pursuit of autism assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore parents' first experiences with HCPs when raising concerns about their child's development.
• To understand the impact of these initial encounters on parents seeking an autism assessment.
• To specifically focus on the pivotal first consultation, differentiating from broader reviews of the autism assessment journey.

Main Methods:

• Qualitative systematic review utilizing reflexive thematic analysis.
• Synthesis of findings from twenty-five relevant studies.
• Exploration of parents' first encounters with HCPs regarding developmental concerns and their perceived impact.

Main Results:

• First encounters with HCPs were predominantly perceived as unhelpful by parents.
• Significant concerns were raised regarding HCPs' autism awareness and knowledge.
• Racial, ethnic, and gender biases were identified as impacting the initial healthcare professional interactions.

Conclusions:

• HCPs must be receptive to parental concerns, particularly during initial consultations.
• Enhanced autism-specific training for HCPs is essential.
• Training should clarify autism assessment pathways and improve communication regarding autism's heterogeneous nature.