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Preparation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and the Evaluation of their Antibacterial Effects
Published on: September 27, 2024
Gallium Protoporphyrin and Lipid Crystalline Nanoparticles Promote the Activity of Ampicillin against MRSA
Muhammed Awad1,2, Sholeh Feizi1,2, Peter-John Wormald1,2
1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide 5011, Australia.
Abstract:
Promoting the effectiveness of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria is necessary to overcome the global antimicrobial resistance crisis. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is notorious for its β-lactam resistance and high antibiotic tolerance, due to its ability to grow intracellularly and as biofilms. Herein, we investigated the potential to promote the activity of ampicillin (AMP) against MRSA by incorporation of AMP alone or in combination with gallium protoporphyrin (GaPP) into lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LCNP). The three unimodal dispersions of AMP-LCNP, GaPP-LCNP, and GaPP/AMP-LCNP had an average diameter range between (175-250 nm) and PDI < 0.3. Within LCNP, the MIC values of AMP were reduced by 6-fold against the tested MRSA strains; AMP-LCNP significantly reduced the viability of MRSA by 2 log10 and 1 log10 intracellular and biofilm infection models, respectively. GaPP/AMP combination displayed synergistic activity against planktonic MRSA, where GaPP/AMP-LCNP reduced AMP MIC > 100-fold; eradicated MRSA intracellular infection and significantly reduced the viability of MRSA biofilms by 5.5 and 8 log10. The data highlights the success of dual-loading synergistic antimicrobials in LCNP to promote the antibacterial activity against MRSA in different growth modes.
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