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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Crossover experiments, also called the repeated-measurements design, is a study design in which all experimental units are exposed to all treatments in different periods. Crossover experiments are generally used in psychology, the pharmaceutical industry, agriculture, and medicine.
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Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not necessarily...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
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Using Multistate Models and Qualitative Interviews to Comprehensively Characterize Substance Use Disorder Care

Joseph E Glass1, Edwin S Wong2,3,4, Tara C Beatty2

  • 1Lighthouse Institute, Chestnut Health Systems, 1255 Pearl Street, Suite 201, Eugene, OR, 97401, United States, 1 3094517837.

JMIR Research Protocols
|May 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study characterizes real-world substance use disorder (SUD) care pathways, comparing their quality and outcomes. Findings will inform improvements in SUD treatment delivery and patient experiences.

Keywords:
care trajectorieselectronic health recordsmultistate modelingsubstance usetreatment episodes

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Patients with substance use disorder (SUD) often report suboptimal care experiences, including issues with follow-up, satisfaction, and communication.
  • Effective SUD treatment requires seamless coordination across clinicians and care settings, yet real-world patient pathways are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize patient care pathways for substance use disorder (SUD).
  • To compare the quality and outcomes of different SUD care pathways.
  • To generate data-driven insights for improving SUD care delivery and patient experiences.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing multistate models (MSM) on electronic health records, insurance claims, and self-reported data to analyze SUD care transitions.
  • Characterizing care states by intervention type (e.g., behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy) and setting (e.g., outpatient, inpatient).
  • Employing a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative interviews with patients and clinicians to explore care experiences and system factors.

Main Results:

  • Study protocol describes research to be conducted, with data collection timelines extending through November 2029.
  • Quantitative and qualitative data will be analyzed to identify common SUD care pathways and associated quality metrics (e.g., wait times, treatment dose).

Conclusions:

  • This study will identify and compare the quality and outcomes of common substance use disorder (SUD) treatment pathways.
  • Findings aim to provide actionable information for healthcare decision-makers to optimize SUD care organization and delivery.