Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
Catalysis01:27

Catalysis

Catalysis influences the rate of chemical reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. A catalyst speeds up a reaction, but it is not consumed during the process. The fundamental principle of catalysis is the ability of a catalyst to alter the reaction mechanism, often introducing a more efficient pathway than the uncatalyzed process.In a catalyzed reaction, the catalyst participates directly in the reaction mechanism. It interacts with reactants to form...
Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
Multi-Step Reactions02:31

Multi-Step Reactions

Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs. Each of the steps in a reaction mechanism is called an elementary reaction. These...
Rate-Determining Steps03:08

Rate-Determining Steps

Relating Reaction Mechanisms
In a multistep reaction mechanism, one of the elementary steps progresses significantly slower than the others. This slowest step is called the rate-limiting step (or rate-determining step). A reaction cannot proceed faster than its slowest step, and hence, the rate-determining step limits the overall reaction rate.
The concept of rate-determining step can be understood from the analogy of a 4-lane freeway with a short-stretch of traffic-bottleneck caused due to...
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme nitrate reductase...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

From Model Development to Mitigation: Machine Learning for Predicting and Minimizing Iodinated Trihalomethanes in Water Treatment.

Environmental science & technology·2025
Same author

Kinetic and Mechanism Study of PFOS Removal by Microscale Zero-Valent Iron from Water.

Environmental science & technology·2025
Same author

Exploring the potential of machine learning to understand the occurrence and health risks of haloacetic acids in a drinking water distribution system.

The Science of the total environment·2024
Same author

Do aqueous solutions contain net charge?

PloS one·2022
Same author

Graphitic Carbon Nitride Supported Ultrafine Pd and Pd-Cu Catalysts: Enhanced Reactivity, Selectivity, and Longevity for Nitrite and Nitrate Hydrogenation.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2017
Same journal

TROPOMI CO and NO<sub>2</sub> as Observational Constraints on the Sources of Air Pollution Inequalities in US Cities.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same journal

Iron Plaque Formation in Mollisols Following Irrigation with Groundwater: Effects on Organic Matter Biotransformation and Selenium Biogeochemistry.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same journal

Mobility and Income: Policy Insights to Support Public Electric Vehicle Charging Access.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same journal

Soil Properties Regulate the Fate and Accumulation of Atmospherically Deposited Trace Metals in Rice across Six Major Growing Regions of China.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same journal

NIST Polymer Pyrolysis Search: A New Pyrolysis GC-MS Search Program and Mass Spectral Reference Library.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same journal

Targeted Acclimation Unlocks Adaptive Evolution of a Methanotrophic Consortium Enabling 3A5MI Elimination and Enhanced Sulfamethoxazole Biodegradation.

Environmental science & technology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

Multitask Learning Reveals Shared Descriptors Governing Activity and Selectivity in Catalytic Nitrate Reduction.

Md Mahjib Hossain1, Rabbi Sikder1, Meng Ji1

  • 1Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States.

Environmental Science & Technology
|May 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a multitask Gaussian process framework to optimize catalytic nitrate reduction (CNR) for water treatment. The approach effectively models the trade-off between reaction rate and ammonium formation, guiding better catalyst design.

Keywords:
Activity−Selectivity Trade-offCatalytic Nitrate ReductionMachine LearningMultitask Learning

More Related Videos

Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O
08:05

Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O

Published on: October 7, 2020

Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies
12:55

Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies

Published on: November 27, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O
08:05

Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O

Published on: October 7, 2020

Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies
12:55

Millifluidics for Chemical Synthesis and Time-resolved Mechanistic Studies

Published on: November 27, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Catalytic nitrate reduction (CNR) is crucial for water treatment, but catalyst development faces challenges due to the activity-selectivity trade-off.
  • Existing methods for catalyst design in CNR are largely empirical, limiting efficiency and increasing ammonium byproduct formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a multitask Gaussian process (MTGP) framework for characterizing and optimizing the activity-selectivity trade-off in CNR.
  • To improve catalyst design by jointly modeling catalytic activity and ammonium selectivity using literature-curated data.

Main Methods:

  • A multitask Gaussian process (MTGP) framework was developed to model catalytic activity and ammonium selectivity simultaneously.
  • A large, literature-curated dataset of Palladium (Pd)- and Platinum (Pt)-based catalysts was utilized.
  • A consensus feature-importance framework was employed to identify key catalytic descriptors for mechanistic interpretability.

Main Results:

  • The MTGP framework successfully captured the coupling between catalyst properties and performance, improving predictive stability and generalization by 41-45% in ΔR² and up to 48% in ΔRMSE compared to single-task models.
  • Key catalytic descriptors influencing N₂ versus NH₄⁺ formation were identified, aligning with established catalytic principles.
  • External validation and knowledge transfer demonstrated the framework's predictive robustness and transferability.

Conclusions:

  • Multitask learning provides a data-driven approach to capture transferable activity-selectivity relationships in CNR.
  • The developed MTGP framework offers a powerful tool for guiding catalyst and process design in water treatment applications.
  • This study enhances mechanistic understanding and predictive capabilities for developing more efficient nitrate removal catalysts.