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Updated: May 31, 2026

A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
Published on: October 28, 2022
Patellofemoral Instability and Pain
Alyssa D Althoff1, Thomas E Moran2, Elizabeth Dennis3
1Department of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Hospital For Special Surgery, 535 E 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Abstract:
Patellofemoral pain and instability are debilitating conditions, most commonly presenting in a young, predominantly female patient cohort. Assessment of underlying pathophysiology requires a detailed history, focused physical examination, and proper assessment of advanced imaging. Treatment, both operative and nonoperative, is focused on reducing the risk of recurrent instability and chondral damage, to provide a patient with a pain-free, stable knee. It is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the patient's demographic and anatomic risk profile to best determine the most appropriate and effective treatment course and mitigate their risk of recurrence.
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