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Updated: May 31, 2026

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
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Biliary Disorders in Horses.

Simon F Peek1, Kimberley Sebastian2

  • 1Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|May 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This review covers equine cholangiohepatitis, a recurrent liver disease in horses often causing biliary obstruction. Management strategies for this chronic condition are discussed.

Keywords:
Calcium bilirubinate calculiCholangiohepatitisCholelithiasisConjugated hyperbilirubinemia

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Bile Duct Ligation in Mice: Induction of Inflammatory Liver Injury and Fibrosis by Obstructive Cholestasis
08:56

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Published on: February 10, 2015

Extrahepatic Bile Duct and Gall Bladder Dissection in Nine-Day-Old Mouse Neonates
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Extrahepatic Bile Duct and Gall Bladder Dissection in Nine-Day-Old Mouse Neonates

Published on: August 23, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Internal Medicine
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Cholangiohepatitis is a significant liver disease in adult horses.
  • It frequently involves intrahepatic and/or extrahepatic biliary obstruction.
  • Bile sludge and choleliths (calcium bilirubinate calculi) are common findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of equine cholangiohepatitis.
  • To discuss the recurrent and chronic nature of the disease.
  • To explore other causes of biliary disease in horses, including foreign bodies, neoplasia, and liver flukes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on equine cholangiohepatitis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic approaches for biliary obstruction and liver disease.
  • Synthesis of current treatment strategies and management recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Equine cholangiohepatitis is often chronic and recurrent.
  • Calcium bilirubinate is the typical composition of equine choleliths.
  • Other potential causes of biliary disease include foreign bodies, neoplasia, and liver flukes.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of equine cholangiohepatitis requires addressing its chronic and recurrent nature.
  • Accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment are crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Awareness of differential diagnoses, including rarer causes, is important for comprehensive care.