The role of mitochondrial dynamics in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) encompasses a spectrum of manifestations arising from multisystem metabolic dysfunction impacting the liver. This spectrum includes hepatic conditions such as steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatic malignancies, as well as extrahepatic conditions like type 2 diabetes, atherosclerotic diseases, and chronic kidney diseases. MASLD has emerged as one of the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide, characterized by a complex pathogenesis and a current lack of effective pharmacological interventions. With societal development and improved living standards, the incidence of MASLD is projected to rise, necessitating urgent research into its pathogenesis and the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies. Mitochondria, as the intracellular hubs of energy metabolism, are crucial in the onset and progression of MASLD through their dynamic processes. In recent years, the role of mitochondrial dynamics in the pathogenesis of MASLD has garnered increasing scholarly attention. This article provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and MASLD. It delves into the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial fusion and fission, examines the functional abnormalities of mitochondrial dynamics in MASLD, and explores potential therapeutic strategies. These studies aim to offer novel insights and methodologies for the prevention and treatment of MASLD.