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Metabolic Profiling Reveals Insights Into Bladder Cancer Pathogenesis and Recurrence
Hüseyin Saygın1, Serkan Bolat2, Demet Kablan2
1Department of Urology, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey, cumhuriyet.edu.tr.
Advances in Urology
|May 29, 2026
Summary
Bladder cancer patients show altered urinary metabolites, including lower 11-hydroxyandrosterone, compared to healthy individuals. This steroid hormone is further reduced in recurrent bladder cancer, suggesting its role in disease progression.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Metabolomics
- Oncology
Background:
- Bladder cancer pathogenesis involves abnormal cell proliferation, with underlying molecular mechanisms requiring further elucidation.
- Understanding metabolic alterations is crucial for identifying biomarkers of bladder cancer progression and recurrence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify distinct urinary metabolic profiles in bladder cancer patients versus healthy controls.
- To investigate metabolic differences between bladder cancer patients with and without recurrence.
- To explore the roles of steroid hormones and arachidonic acid metabolism in bladder cancer.
Main Methods:
- Urinary metabolic profiling of 102 participants (82 bladder cancer patients, 20 healthy controls) using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF/MS).
- Data analysis and metabolite identification utilizing Mass Profiler Professional and the XCMS online platform.
- Categorization of bladder cancer patients into recurrent (29) and non-recurrent (41) groups based on clinical findings.
Main Results:
- Bladder cancer patients exhibited significantly altered urinary metabolite levels compared to healthy controls.
- Key differences included downregulation of 11-hydroxyandrosterone and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and upregulation of (±)12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid ([±]12-HETE), 5α-dihydrodeoxycorticosterone, and 21-hydroxypregnenolone.
- 11-hydroxyandrosterone was significantly lower in patients with recurrent bladder cancer than in those without recurrence, with (±)12-HETE and PGE2 showing high diagnostic potential.
Conclusions:
- Urinary metabolic profiling reveals distinct signatures associated with bladder cancer and its recurrence.
- Alterations in steroid hormone and arachidonic acid metabolism are implicated in bladder cancer pathogenesis.
- These findings may pave the way for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for bladder cancer.
